Olivine - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Mar 7, 2012 · Olivine is an important rock-forming mineral and occurs in mafic igneous rocks such as peridotite, gabbro, and basalt, along with pyroxene and plagioclase. The ultramafic rock dunite consists almost entirely of olivine, and is the result of the fractional crystallisation of peridotite-composition melts to form cumulate olivine.
Minor and trace elements in olivines as probes into early igneous …
Feb 1, 2013 · Olivine has a special status in our understanding of the Earth’s upper mantle and of the origin and evolution of mantle melts. It is the most common mineral constituent of peridotite, making up 50 to >90% of the rock, and is also the first silicate mineral to crystallize from almost all primary mantle-derived melt compositions.
Olivine - an overview - ScienceDirect Topics
2.05.2.3.1 Olivine. Olivine is the main constituent of peridotite xenoliths and is a major host for magnesium, iron, and nickel. The Mg# of olivine reflects that of the whole rock which in turn is related to the degree of melt depletion or enrichment in iron.
Trace elements in olivine: Proxies for petrogenesis, mineralization …
May 1, 2021 · The studied samples are composed of olivine, olivine + orthopyroxene, and olivine + chromite, termed dunite, harzburgite and chromitite, respectively (Bai et al., 2019, 2021). They are representative of the entire vertical stratigraphic section of the Peridotite Series and, thus, represent the early formation stage of a large layered intrusion.
A first-principles molecular dynamics study of molecular hydrogen ...
Sep 7, 2024 · Diffusion of hydrogen in minerals is the key process for the transportation of water in the mantle. The prominence of olivine as the dominant mineral in the Earth's upper mantle has led to extensive investigation of its H + diffusivities (Kohlstedt and Mackwell, 1998, Demouchy and Mackwell, 2006, Demouchy, 2010, Du Frane and Tyburczy, 2012, Novella et al., 2017, Sun et …
Feasibility of increasing marine carbon storage through olivine ...
Dec 1, 2023 · The olivine dissolution rate (R CO 2) [63] can be expressed as: (8) R CO 2 = γ CO 2 net R olivine diss (9) R olivine diss = k olivine diss A surface C olivine Where γ CO 2 net refers to the net amount of CO 2 absorbed from the atmosphere during the dissolution of 1 kg of olivine on the seafloor, which varies between 0.5 and 1.0 depending on ...
Geochemistry of pallasite olivine and the origin of pallasites
Oct 15, 2024 · Pallasite mineralogy is simple; classic pallasites are composed of metal (kamacite plus taenite) and olivine in subequal amounts by weight, with minor troilite, chromite and schreibersite (Buseck, 1977). A variety of phosphates are accessory phases in several pallasites (Buseck and Holdsworth, 1977), while orthopyroxene and phosphoran olivine ...
A comprehensive study on the leaching characteristics and …
Nov 1, 2024 · Forsterite, a type of olivine, has a high melting point of 1890 °C, while iron-bearing olivine, also known as fayalite, melts at a lower temperature of about 1205 °C. The green color of olivine intensifies with higher levels of iron content, giving it a unique appearance that makes it easy to identify.
Olivine Group - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
Olivine, is a common mineral in mafic and ultramafic rocks, often found in lava and in peridotite xenoliths of the mantle (Fig. 5). Diamonds are created under extremely high temperature and pressure conditions that exist nearly 100 miles (160 km) below the Earth's surface.
The aluminum-in-olivine thermometer for mantle peridotites ...
Feb 1, 2017 · Olivine from garnet-facies peridotites (gt) has high Al and high V. Olivine from garnet-spinel facies peridotites (gt-sp) has consistently low Al (< 10 ppm). Olivine in spinel-peridotites (sp) again has relatively high Al but low V (< 6 ppm). The red crosses represent core analyses of olivines from the Benfontein kimberlite sill, South Africa ...